McDonald's North America Marketing Plan Research Paper

McDonald's North America Marketing Plan - Research Paper Example The organization right now has a worldwide nearness in 118 nations. Strategic statement of purpose is to be their customer’s most loved spot to eat (Aboutmcdonalds, 2011). The crucial the organization is accomplished by offering a wide assortment of items at low costs that offer some benefit to the clients. The firm is additionally ready to accomplish its crucial contribution its clients a McDonald’s area close to their homes. McDonald’s is the business head in the two deals and number of outlets with 2010 deals of $24 billion and more than 33,000 stores around the world (Annual Report: McDonalds, 2010). The representatives of the organization are very much prepared to give its clients an amazing degree of administration that will keep them returning for additional. Advertising Objectives The showcasing targets of the organization are to keep developing the brand of the organization, to fulfill the necessities of its clients, and to keep up its initiative in the inexpensive food industry. McDonald’s contributes a huge number of dollars every year to guarantee its showcasing goals are met. The yearly promoting spending plan of McDonald’s is roughly $2 billion (Chicagobreakingbusiness, 2010). No other organization in the inexpensive food industry spends as much on publicizing as McDonald’s does. ... A natural development model can be characterized as extension of a firm’s activities from its own inside created assets, without turning to getting or acquisitions of different firms (Businessdictionary, 2011). The firm working outcomes have been extraordinary with the organization accomplishing deals development for eight back to back years. The energy about the company’s basic stock is proof that the organization has expanded the abundance of its investors. Supplement A shows the value development of McDonald’s regular stock during the previous five years. McDonald’s basic stock is exchanged the NYSE under the image MCD. The cost of the MCD basic stock as of September 23, 2011 was $87.37 (Nyse, 2011). During the most recent five years the cost of McDonald’s regular stock has dramatically increased. Another money related objective of the organization is to expand its deals globally. The forceful extension plan the organization actualized decades ba ck has helped the organization accomplish that objective. Target Markets McDonald’s has an enormous objective market. The firm has an item that can be devoured by individuals everything being equal. The organization over its long history has understood that the most ideal approach to fabricate its client base is by focusing on youngsters including kids. McDonald’s is the best organization in the inexpensive food industry at adverting for kids. The Ronald McDonald character is darling by American kids. The organization has worked superbly at utilizing this character in its kids publicizing efforts. Clients that have a need to eat outside consistently are the principle focus of the organization. Everybody that makes some full memories occupation and eats outside at noon on weekdays is an ideal objective of the organization.

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay Example for Free

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay 1) At the Trial of Scissors Lee, the indictment might want to create to the court the alert proclamations of Scissors Lee as proof of his admission. Would you be able to work out a rundown of your protests you will raise with the court to the creation of the alert proclamation at the preliminary? Ans: Upon the creation of the alert explanation of Scissors Lee, I might want to bring up certain criticisms in term of its capturing system, unwavering quality and willfulness. Capturing Procedure: PC34567 ought to have forewarned Scissors Lee at the football ground According to the Rules and Direction for the Questioning of Suspects and the Taking of Statements gave by the Secretary for Security in 1992, when PC34567 has proof that Scissors Lee may have submitted an offense, he should alert Scissor Lee before placing him into further inquiries. In the alert proclamation, DPC13579 first cited the discussion between Scissors Lee and PC34567 to instigate Scissor Lee to have an accord in the reality portrayed in that discussion, anyway that discussion record was not acquired under alert and consequently it ought not be referenced in addressing Scissors Lee. In this way, the alert explanation isn't gotten in a legitimate method and ought to be unacceptable. Capturing Procedure: DPC13579 didn't reveal to Scissors Lee his privileges completely in custody After Scissors Lee was brought to the police headquarters, he was not told by the police that he ought to get the opportunity to contact his family or get a legal advisor. In that condition, Scissors Lee might be placed in a circumstance of defenseless and unassisted. Plus, DPC13579 disclosed to Scissors Lee that he could possibly go in the event that he had given him an announcement, accordingly, there is a sensible uncertainty that Scissors Lee might be initiated to participate to work out the alert explanation. On the off chance that he was informed that he may get an attorney to speak to him, he ought to have stayed quietness during the meeting of DPC13579. Dependability: The alert proclamation is recorded in English The meeting ought to be led in the primary language of Scissors Lee, that appears not to be English yet Cantonese, upon the discussion among Lee and PC34567 to keep away from any uncertainty and misconception. Scissors Lee is just a Form 4 understudy at an auxiliary school and don't do well in scholarly. Accordingly, there is a sensible uncertainty that Scissors Lee has the capability in English that he saw all the announcements made by DPC13579 and expressed compactly in his talking about the entire story of the occasion. Intentionality: The length of the hour of the meeting is too long The term of the meeting is 2 hours. It might be a factor that sapping the choice of Scissors Lee in marking the forewarned articulation. At the point when the meeting time is protracted, Scissors Lee was on edge to return home, and there is a sensible chance that Scissors Lee simply marked the advised articulation for letting DPC13579 to discharge him to return home, in this manner the forewarned proclamation may not be made willfully and hence ought to be forbidden. Willfulness: Scissors Lee was in hunger yet was dismissed to take nibble Throughout the meeting, Scissors Lee was not given any refreshment. The meeting was held at the hour of eating (2000-2200), as he was very ravenous during the meeting, he approached DPC13579 for some tidbit, anyway DPC13579 overlooked him. In such conditions, it is sensible to protest that the willfulness of Scissors Lee to sign the forewarned articulation was incredibly influenced by appetite and obliviousness of DPC13579, in this way the advised proclamation ought to be unacceptable. Willfulness: Scissors Lee was tricked in marking the advised proclamation DPC13579 demonstrated the forewarned articulation to Scissors Lee, and basically requested that he sign on it without clarifying the substance. Scissors Lee idea the forewarned explanation was a paper expressing his privilege after his capture and marked on it without full affirmation. There is a sensible chance that Scissors Lee was hoodwinked into marking the forewarned proclamation and along these lines, he was not willful in conceding hitting Ah Ho, consequently the advised explanation ought to be void and in this way unacceptable. Willfulness: Scissors Lee feared preference in conceding the offense Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that he was the just one captured by the police and he should concede hitting Ah Ho in any case the police would be irate and gone to his school to see him consistently. Scissors Lee was anxious about the possibility that that on the off chance that he didn't concede the offense, the police would truly come to see him consistently which will clearly make surprising provocation him. Along these lines, the advised explanation is unmistakably automatic as it has been gotten by â€Å"a dread of prejudice†. Intentionality: Scissors Lee was guaranteed in conceding the offense Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that hitting is a typical ambush and he would pull off a fine. Since Scissors Lee idea that he as of now has a criminal conviction of bound-over thus that one progressively regular attack would not further corrupt his character. DPC13579 had made a proposal of discharge from police authority and along these lines, clearly Scissors Lee marked the forewarned explanation in the expectation of discharge, accordingly that announcement is unacceptable. Willfulness: Scissors Lee was unsatisfactory for admission upon his passionate status Throughout the meeting, Scissors Lee was frightened and restless to return home. Under this state of mind, he was effortlessly influenced by outside components, for example, the influence or danger by DPC13579, restless to return home; along these lines, it seems a sensible uncertainty that he conceded the offense in supreme deliberate. Thus, the advised explanation ought not be allowable as it isn't reasonable for request Scissors Lee to settle on an exhaustive choice in the meeting. Intentionality: Scissors Lee might be influenced by liquor On the day being referred to, before PC34567 took him back to police headquarters, Scissors Lee had to drink whisky. It was difficult to establish that whether the choice of Scissors Lee was influenced by the liquor. In this way, there is a sensible uncertainty that Scissors Lee marked the advised explanation in an oblivious status, accordingly the forewarned articulation may not be made in willful thus unacceptable. 2) Supposed Scissors Lee would concede at his preliminary, would you be able to prompt him what moderating elements you should address the court for his sake? Ans: After having a nitty gritty investigation in Scissors Lee’s foundation and the situation of the offense, I may address the court some alleviating factors upon the realities of this case and of his experience. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was frightened of culpable Mr. Large Mr. Huge was a more established kid who began to offer Scissors Lee beverages and snacks and treated him to bar after the match. He showed Scissors Lee how to drink and everyone in the football ground treated Mr. Large like their pioneer. For this situation, Scissors Lee’s offense was prompted by Mr. Enormous. Mr. Large disclosed to Scissors Lee to be at the football ground at 3.30 pm with the goal that he might want Scissors Lee to â€Å"teach Ah Ho a lesson.† Mr. Enormous kept on compromising Scissors Lee that in the event that he didn't come, Mr. Large would treat him mischievous and show him a genuine terrible exercise. Scissors Lee submitted the offense just in dread of Mr. Enormous yet not purposeful. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was not the central player For this situation, Mr. Enormous was all through the main central player of the offense. Scissors Lee was distinctly in charge of Mr. Large in light of dread of Mr. Large. He assumed a less significant job than his assistants in this offense and in this manner he ought to be held less blameworthy. Without the danger by Mr. Large, there shows up no proof that Scissors Lee would submit the offense and influence any damage to Ah Ho, in this manner, Scissors Lee was just a manikin of Mr. Large for his offense to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee endeavored to stop others hitting Ah Ho When Ah Egg, Zero, Ah Kin were hitting Ah Ho, Scissors Lee went up and yelled to them to stop. His endeavor to stop others hitting Ah Ho shows that, from the start, he had no aim of hitting Ah Ho. Scissors Lee just pushed Ah Ho once after Mr. Enormous hollered at him, the motivation behind his offense was uniquely to show up to Mr. Enormous that he was hitting Ah Ho however not expected to make substantial harm Ah Ho. In such conditions, his offense was moderately unsubstantial when contrasted with his accessories. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was influenced by liquor which had to drink by Mr. Huge Scissors Lee never like drinking wine. In any case, before the offense, Scissors Lee was constrained by Mr. Large to drink a ton of whisky. His offense might be influenced by liquor. Accordingly, in such oblivious status, Scissors Lee was somewhat automatic to submit the offense. There was no proof that Scissors Lee will submit comparable offense later on. Case Fact: The injury of Ah Ho was not very genuine Ah Ho was sent to the emergency clinic for clinical treatment, from his clinical report, he was released with no difficulty from his injury and he would be relied upon to recoup completely inside about fourteen days. In spite of the fact that Scissors Lee and his assistants harmed Ah Ho, there was no proof that the offense of Scissors Lee was prompting any generous harm and left any unrecoverable injury to Ah Ho. The offense submitted by Scissors Lee was moderately light and it very well may be seen that the expectation of Scissors Lee was not to make genuine mischief Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee didn't endeavor to approach Ah Ho after the offense Scissors Lee has done whatever it takes not to annoy Ah Ho after the occasion and he remains a good ways from Ah Ho, regardless of whether they are still in a similar class. Scissors had indicated authentic regret for his offense and lament to what he had done to Ah Ho. Base on these conditions, Scissors Lee is more averse to commit once again any offense to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee conceded in earnest way and helped out the police Scissors Lee was disappointment for his off

Increase Your Blogs Brand Awareness with Facebook Page

Increase Your Blog’s Brand Awareness with Facebook Page Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Increase Your Blog’s Brand Awareness with Facebook PageUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : Adeel ZiaTopic : FacebookShort URL : http://bit.ly/2oznC34 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogFacebook Page can be used to increase brand awareness for your blog. Brand awareness is important to increase your blog popularity. The stronger your brand, the more popular your blog will be. Also, you will get more traffic as a result. With strong popularity, you can build good reputation and authority in your niche. Here are 5 tips to increase your blog’s brand awareness with Facebook Page:1. Put Facebook social plugin in your blogBelieve it or not, Facebook social plugin can actually help you to increase your blog reputation and strengthen your brand. When you put this plugin in your blog, people will see how many fans you have on Facebook. The more fans you have, the more people will re gard your blog as reputable. If you don’t have any presence in Facebook, people can’t see how popular your blog is.USEFUL GUIDES:HOW TO: Add Facebook Send Button On Your BlogHOW TO: Create Facebook Subscribe Button For Blogs2. Open contest for your fansIn your Facebook Page, you can open little contest for your fans regularly. You don’t need to promise a big prize. A small prize will do, such as free paid report from your blog or something else. This will help to attract people’s interest toward your blog. More and more people will like your page and know about your blog.3. Keep your page activeDon’t abandon your Facebook page. You need to keep it active so that people can frequently visit your page. A dead fan page is like a dead website. People won’t visit it again when they know that it is dead. So, you should update your fan page as often as you can. You can post updates about your blog as well as other interesting stuffs, such as fun facts, inspiration quotes, thoug ht for the day, and so on.READThe Google Search Engine Ranking Factors That You Can’t Just Ignore4. Encourage discussionYou should encourage discussion in your Facebook page. The more people commenting on your status updates, the better your page will look. An active discussion is impossible without your encouragement. So, you should post status updates that will encourage discussions among your fans. Make each of your status interesting so that people will want to comment on it.5. Advertise your Facebook PageLastly, you need to make your Facebook Page bigger. You need to have more and more followers in your page so that people will see your blog as authoritative blog within your niche. The more likes that you have in your page, the more people will like it as well. So, it’s a kind of domino effect. You can increase your fans by advertising your page using Facebook Ads platform. It will help you to gain more followers on Facebook.Once you’ve established a strong presence on Fa cebook, people will start to visit your website in big numbers. That’s because they regard your blog as reputable and popular due to the fact that you can attract much followers on your Facebook Page. It will give positive effect to your blog brand.IMAGE CREDIT: BUSINESSINSIDER.COM

Compare Buddhism and Islam - 1730 Words

Religion is defined as the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God . There are many recognised religions of the world, which all teach its followers to live life the right way, whose definition varies according to the religion itself. They have some beliefs and practices that distinguish themselves from each other. Some examples are differences and similarities of Buddhism and Islam. Buddhism originated from India, and was founded by Prince Siddharta Gautama, who later came to be known as Buddha, or the enlightened one. Born of a princely caste, he later renounced his comfortable life in search for nirvana. In order to do that, he joined a band of ascetic, who was a group of Hindu priests.†¦show more content†¦In relation to this belief is the practice of prayer that Muslims place importance on, but the Buddhists disregard, and rather believe in meditation or the cleansing of mind. The second major difference is the incentive for not doing evil in life. For a Buddhist, the reason why one does not harm other beings, for example, is that it will affect your karma. For a Muslim, it is more of because Allah will punish bad deeds and reward good ones. The ultimate goal in both religions also differ, Muslims are to go to heaven, whereas Buddhists are to attain nirvana. The Buddha also said that the human self has no atta (soul) in contrary to Muslims. The roles of scriptures in the two religions also differ. Muslims treat the Koran as the literal word of Allah. It is believed to have been passed down to Muhammad over twenty-three years in the form of Gabriels (Allahs angel) voice . It is from this Koran that a Muslim understands his Allahs commandments. In contrast, Buddha does not have a holy book that plays such a big role in the religion. The most important scripture for a Buddhist is the Tripitaka. It originally consists of three volumes of teaching, but its role is not as significant as in the case of Islam. Initially, the Buddha passed down his knowledge to his followers verbally, and his followers memorised them. Eventually, the Tripitaka was put together, and overtime, other additional scriptures and poems were added to it . It is also partly due to theShow MoreRelatedReligion Is The Opiate Of The People1566 Words   |  7 Pagesmeans. It can be learned and described, but for one to know religion, they must practice it. Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam are similar and diverse in many aspects, and each of these religions answer the questions â€Å"Who am I? Why am I here?† in their own ways. Although, they may be exceptionally diverse, all religions are tied together in some aspects. Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism are very different religions in many aspects, but they are also related in some ways. This brings me to theRead MoreHealthcare Provider and Faith Diversity Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pagesseveral different religious traditions. It is up to the health care professional to respect and understand the ideals that affect our patients and their family members. In this paper we will compare the philosophies of three diverse faiths. The faiths chosen are Islam, Christian Science and Buddhism, and how they compare to Christianity. We will learn about basic beliefs, spiritual perspectives on healing, and the components of healing such as meditation, prayer and other rituals they follow. FurthermoreRead MoreChristianity, Islam and Buddhism728 Words   |  3 Pageswithdrawal from the comfort of the world. Islam was influenced by Christianity and began with the teachings of Mohammad. Islam was spreading expeditiously. In that event Mohammad experience revelations which his followers recorded then used to make the Qur’an. 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Buddhism are just followers of Gautama and Judaism believe in Yahweh (the GodRead MoreAlexander, Han Dynasty, Roman Empire, Hinduism, Islam1179 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical thinking -cosmopolitans belong to world -emphasized spiritual concerns of humans as individuals -pop. entertainment in theatre, public games, and secular art -high culture (sophisticated appeal)               Hide Insert Card 3 Zoom Compare and Contrast Judean, Roman, and Carthaginian responses to Hellenistic influences. How receptive was each society to Greek cultural influences?   Judean specifically? Zoom Judean-jews resisted, temple in jerusalem is focal point of jews, constantRead MoreWorld Religions: Comparative Discussions1010 Words   |  4 PagesWorld Religions: Comparative Discussions 1.Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism on the question of atman. What does each tradition have to say about whether a human being has an individual soul? What is the significance of this soul (or lack thereof) in each tradition? The concept of the self is critical to a great many religious traditions. Understanding ones own individual position within the context of the universe helps to drive ones relationship to the divine, to the pedestrian andRead MoreEssay on Indian Culture1467 Words   |  6 Pagesreligions that started in India. The two most well known religions are Hinduism and Buddhism. The other religions include Jainism and Sikhism, while Christianity and Islam are also practiced in India. The graph below shows the dispersion of religion in India14: Your browser may not support display of this image. The majority of people in India are Hindus as they make up 80.5% of the population, whereas Islam is in second with 13.4%. Hinduism is considered to be one of the oldest religionsRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, Hinduism, And Buddhism966 Words   |  4 PagesJudaism, Islam, and Buddhism. When looking at Christianity and Buddhism it is easy to identify some major differences. For instance, both the religions were started and founded by different people and in dissimilar ways. A second one would be what they believe in; number of deities, and what they base their knowledge around. A final difference between the two would be how they practice their religion and worship their â€Å"God.† Between the two religions they both had a different start. Buddhism startedRead MoreCauses Of The Rebellion Of 18571352 Words   |  6 Pagesthem about these aspects. Economics and religion were the two main reasons people moved, in fact, that is how Muslim came here. While merchants from Arabia financial try to support themselves, they were the first ones to spread their religion of Islam not only through Sufism but through trading in South India. This lead to becoming a stabilized in society, due to the fact, as they made their trades they were able to spread their religion further and further causing more people to convert to it,Read MoreChristian Worldview1594 Words   |  7 Pagesworldviews relate to the Biblical worldview. There are three main areas or types of worldviews, Pantheists (Hinduism, Buddhism), Secularism (naturalism), and Theism (Christianity, Islam, Judaism). I will answer 5 basic questions on just one of the non-Christian worldviews and then compare it to the Biblical worldview. Part one will be about Buddhism and part two will compare Buddhism and the Biblical worldview. The questions to be answered are: 1. The Question of Origin. 2. The Question of

Gun Control Act Of 1934 - 785 Words

Although the 2nd amendment says â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed (Jefferson Admendment 2)†. Gun control laws aim to restrict or regulate the sale, purchase, or possession of firearms through licensing, registration, or identification requirements. The National firearm act of 1934 regulating only fully automatic firearms like sub-machine guns is approved by Congress. Then Roosevelt wins approval of the National Firearms Act of 1938, which requires the licensing of interstate gun dealers, who must record their sales. It prohibits sales to individuals under accusation or convicted of crimes of violence. The Gun Control Act of 1968 was passed for the purpose of keeping firearms out of the hands of those not legally permitted to possess them because of age, criminal background, or incompetence. In 1972 the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms is created listing a s part of its mission the control of illegal use and sale of firearms and the enforcement of Federal firearms laws. The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act enforces a five-day waiting period on the purchase of a handgun and requires that local law enforcement agencies conduct background checks on purchasers of handguns. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 band all sale, manufacture, importation, or possession of a number of specific types of assault weapons. Given this information youShow MoreRelatedThe Gun Control Laws Is The National Firearms Act Of 19341347 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The left, liberals, believe that if we just have more gun control laws, all the problems are going to go away. Well, I don t think so. I don t think so. I think - yes, it will, it will be reduced. There s no question about that.† (brainquotes). The earliest federal gun-control law was the National Firearms Act of 1934, which restrictive $200 tax on the manufacture or sale of machine guns and sawed-off shotguns. All sales were to be recorded in a national registry. Franklin D. Roosevelt wantedRead MoreAmending the Second Amendment1083 Words   |  4 Pageson both sides of the fiercely debated issue of gun control and brought the issue to the forefront of American politics once again. While no new gun control laws have been passed since this tragedy, the debate over how to interpret the 2nd amendment continues. Gun control laws are the government’s way of regulating the manufacture, sale, transportation, possession, and use of firearms. In our world today, we face the vast controversy of gun control and who should be able to possess a destructiveRead MoreSecond Amendment : The Right Of Bear Arms Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesself-defense. 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The next gun control law National Firearms Act of 1938 needed licensing of interstate firearm dealers. After that in 1968, 3 laws wereRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1418 Words   |  6 PagesOctober 2014 Gun control has been a controversial issue in America for over a half-century. This issue has two sides. On one side, there are people who oppose gun control and believe that it is their right under the second amendment to own one or more assault weapons. Republicans such as Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, Governor Rick Perry of Texas and Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina are against gun control. On the other side of the issue, there are people who favor gun control and believe thatRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages GUN CONTROL LAWS There is a need in this country for gun control laws as well as benefits for the citizenry who own them. With the current state of our society these days, owning a gun has become a necessity for some, if not all, household. I, myself, conform for every household having a gun. Although we have our police force always ready to rescue anyone in distress, every second matters when we are facing face to face with danger. Granted that the authorities are already underway, having somethingRead MoreGun Control And Gun Violence1054 Words   |  5 PagesGun control generally refers to policies that regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, or use of firearms (Wikipedia). This is an important definition for citizens, lawmakers, and gun lobbyists to follow over the debate on gun control. As well as the Second Amendment in the constitution which states, â€Å"The right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed†. There has been a debate on whether that specifies within the home or outside of the home. For more thanRead MoreGun Control And The Rights Of A Free State1195 Words   |  5 PagesCameron Rose Mrs. Rose P.5 Gun Control, Research Paper 25 February 2016 â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed† (Bill of Rights, 1791). As said by our founding fathers, over two centuries ago, the right to own guns will not be taken away. However recently, there has been a push for a ban on guns, due to the increase in school shootings, homicides, and suicides over the years. Because of thisRead MoreIs Gun Ownership a Right?1214 Words   |  5 Pagespeople kill people, or do guns kill people? According to the U.S. Constitution, the Second Amendment states that the right to bear arms should not altered.(Bill of Rights). Many American citizens believe this amendment is an individual right, while others believe that it is only a collective right intended to restrict Congress from taking away a states right to self-defense. This, along with other current events, has given rise to heated debate on the topic of gun control. History has shown that thereRead MoreOutline Of An Outline On The Gun Ownership Of The United States Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesComposition 101 2 December 2016 To Conceal or Repeal: Gun Control in The United States The United States, where guns are as American as apple pie (Cramer). In America, gun ownership is a tradition older than the country itself and is protected by the Second Amendment. Many believe that more gun control laws would infringe upon the right to bear arms. In the United States, there are around 89 guns for every 100 people, and about 270,000,000 guns in the whole nation, which is the highest total number

The Process Of Interpersonal Communication - 994 Words

Provisionalism in My World The skill I am going to discuss is provisionalism. According to Interplay, the Process of Interpersonal Communication provisionalism means â€Å"a supportive style of communication in which a sender expresses open-mindness to others ideas and opinions† (G-9). Open-mindness as is willingness to consider new ideas. I think provisionalism means to create a positive conversation that will not turn off the other party and encourages an open mind. Gibb notes in Interplay, the Process of Interpersonal Communication that â€Å"provisionalism surfaces through words such as perhaps, maybe, might, possibly and may† (p331). In learning about this skill I can improve my word choices to connect with people that I may have turned off by not using provisionalism. In open mindness a person will listen to another opinion even though they have already made up their mind. When using Provisionalism you create a more positive conversation by avoiding statements of certainty. Both parties will usually be more apt to continue conversation and are more likely to consider another’s point of view. Gibb notes: One reduces the defensiveness of the listener when one communicates that one is willing to experiment with one s own behavior, attitudes and ideas. The person who appears to be taking provisional attitudes, to be investigating issues rather than taking sides on them, to be problem solving rather than doubting, and to be willing to experiment and explore tends toShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Communication And The Communication Process Essay2107 Words   |  9 Pagesconducted interpersonal communication process research, they have utilized social psychological concepts as the points of reference. Speculations pertinent to such areas as individual perception, social exchanges, and interpersonal balance have much of the time been utilized as systems from which to infer testable theories about the process of interpersonal communication. While without a doubt Newcomb s balance plan and researches on the acquaintance procedure do incorporate communication-relevantRead MoreThe Role Of Interpersonal Communication Skills For Development And The Process2009 Words   |  9 Pagesreport. Although Collaborative Communication Competence Scal e (CCCS) could gave me the result of my communication problems, but it did not provide satisfactory understanding or clarify the reason why they thought that I needed to practice those skills. As Purhonen, Rouhiainen-Neunhà ¤userer and Valkonen (2010) explained that ‘this kind of measurement seemed to be influenced by the cultural, individual and relationships specific factors such as the variety of communication goals or shared experiences ofRead MoreHow Will You Influence People to Strive Willingly for Group Objectives in Your Organization (Target Based Industry)? Apply Your Interpersonal Influence Through Communication Process Towards Attaining Your Specialized Goals?1108 Words   |  5 Pages1. Principles and practices of management How will you influence people to strive willingly for group objectives in your organization (Target based industry)? Apply your interpersonal influence through communication process towards attaining your specialized goals? Answer: Group objectives essentially mean that a group of individuals recruited into an organization have the same objectives to achieve in the same time frame. There can be many such groups in an organization having their own groupRead MoreEssay on Four Principles of Interpersonal Communication1459 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A critical review of what has been noted about the four principles of interpersonal communication demonstrates that King (2000) has provided the definitive source for reviewing these issues. According to King, interpersonal communication is: inescapable, irreversible, complicated and contextual. Using these four principles as a basis for research, the current investigation provides a review of each of the four principles and the implication of each of these principles for the nursingRead MoreIdentifying The Five Contexts Of Communication961 Words   |  4 PagesThe context is the mixture of the audience prepared to social settings in which the communication process takes place. These contexts may overlap creating a more dynamic communication process. Description and example of the five contexts of communication: 1.1.Intrapersonal Communication This happens when we communicate with ourselves positively or negatively. Are all thoughts and reasoning we have or generate in our mind about things, situations, people and ourselves. We use when we generateRead MoreCommunication Theory Of Interpersonal Communication Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesProposal: Applying Communication Theory to the Study of Interpersonal Communication Marriages in the United States is at an all-time low, while divorces are at an all-time high. One may wonder why is that. Some couples are divorcing because of irreconcilable differences. One could ponder if divorce is a solution due to a breakdown in communication. This proposal will determine if communication theory can be applied to interpersonal communication to create a lasting relationship. This study willRead MoreThe Importance of Interpersonal Communication1186 Words   |  5 Pages------------------------------------------------- The Impact of Interpersonal Communication for Startup Business in TANRI ABENG UNIVERSITY ------------------------------------------------- English for Academic Purpose Naimy Zam Zam / Corporate Communication / 13.013 Abstract This research proposal contains the analysis about interpersonal communication in startup business The Impact of Interpersonal Communication in Startup Businesses Introduction These days, there are so many startupRead MoreInterpersonal Communication On A Daily Base983 Words   |  4 PagesSociety sees interpersonal communication on a daily base. The question might be what is interpersonal communication, is there conflict, and where we experience it. Communication skills are developed to enhance or improve with the increased knowledge and practice. Today’s world with various forms of communication is ideal to have a superb interpersonal skill. Tough Interpersonal communication is an exchange of information between two or more people. Furthermore, the uncertainty theory comes fromRead MoreInterpersonal Communication1053 Words   |  5 PagesInterpersonal Communication Interpersonal communication is defined by Michael Cody as: the exchange of symbols used to achieve interpersonal goals(28). Does this definition include everything, or does it only include certain things?. When we are dealing with the issue of interpersonal communication we must realize that people view it differently. In this paper I will develop my own idea or definition of what interpersonal communication is. I will then proceed to identify any important assumptionsRead MoreA Reflective Report on Interpersonal Management1150 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ A Reflective Report on Interpersonal Management Skills Module Code: 7BSP1010 Course: Interpersonal Management Skills 1 Tutor: Helen MacKinlay Student Name: XU ZHANGYONG Student Number: 13030219 Words: 1046 December 26th 2014 The purposes of this essay is to analyse the improtances of Interpersonal management skills for successful management, and to reflect on a verbal interpersonal cultural based difference people have personally experienced and how develop the cross cultural awareness

Business Model for Sustainable Technologies-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Model for Sustainable Technologies. Answer: The purpose of the safest define and describe define terms that are related to business model of an organisation. It will also describe the ways that can be implemented in order to apply good business model in practice and thereby develop cost revenue architecture. The essay will also aim to define the terms related to business context and the importance of implementing change in a business model organisation in order to sustain in the market. Real life example will be given about a business model and how an Organisation has been affected due to implication of a respective business model. According to Markides (2013), the main purpose of implementing a business model within an organisation is to generate profit and revenue by implementing proper business plan that is relevant in context of a situation. The business model includes all the major manufacturing plants along with the distribution strategies that will be implemented by the organisation in order to maximize their profit and market share. It is also essential to understand the value proposition for a business in order to implement a perfect business. This value proposition should describe the product and service description that is offered by an organisation in the market. DaSilva and Trkman (2014), have mentioned about business model archetypes, which decides upon the personalities upon which business model can be implemented in practice. There are various elements of business archetypes model, which depends upon the type and category of business and the product or service that are being offered in the market. It also provides the detailed description of the product or service along with the trade and distribution policies that are being implemented in respective cases. According to Bohnsack et al., (2014), in the recent days the business model is highly associated with e-business archetypes, which is due to the fact that the popularity of e-commerce business have increased rapidly in the current era. The software service is commonly associated with all forms of business, which helps to ensure that the digital forms and Technology are being properly utilised in the business model that can help to properly understand its importance. The main purpose of the e business model is to maximize the sale of a business by converting the same into the digital world. The profitability of the business is expanded through Internet platforms. The detailed descriptions of the product or service that are being offered in the market are being provided in the company's website. The e business model mainly focuses upon direct selling of products from the organisation to customers. This type of model of business to consumer distribution is essential due to the fact that it can help to lower the cost of products as there are no retailers involved in the process of distribution. The VBUS is an example of e business archetypes, which implements the model of business to consumer selling. Most of the profit in this type of business model is gained through direct selling and processing fees. The VBUS has been able to expand its business by providing products define categories. It has also been able to seek the attention of various groups of customers due to the fact that they are able to offer product at much lower cost than any physical retail stores. Casadesus?Masanell and Zhu (2013), have mentioned about the importance of activity system, which is another major component of business model. It is believed that in most cases the business models that are being implemented within the organisation are dependent upon a set of independent activities that enable the overall functioning of the business firm. The activity system can also help a business organisation to develop partnership concept and general value to their product or service. Each choice that is being implemented as a part of business model is entirely dependent upon a set of activities that are being dependent upon the resorts and capability performance of a business organisation. Each of the charges that are being implemented while making a business model will have direct implication on the overall expenditure and the revenue that is earned by the organization. The different types of activities together form the backbone of the organisation and also help them to impleme nt change and thereby able to evolve along with the changes in the competitive environment market. Revenue model that is implemented within an organisation is also dependent upon the various activities that are related in the strategy making department. It is also important for a business model to have the design for cost revenue architecture, which can help in the matter related to the overall expenditure of a company. The revenue structure of a business organisation is one of the essential components that can help to maintain sustainability within business. The overall cost structure of an organisation is essential due to the fact that it can help to predict the future profit and market share that is expected for a business to capture. The dynamic issues that are raised in business organisation depend upon the Rapid changes that occur within the business environment. One of the main elements of effective business model is to have the efficiency to deal with all types of dynamic problem and thereby able to bring about necessary modifications that can help in the process of maintaining sustainability. The business context is also an essential element which decides upon the business model policies. Rise of the concept of big data is also an essential part of the business model, which helps to ensure that all the parameters related to business transaction are being implemented in the business protocol. It is also one of the essential elements that need to be considered while expanding the range of business. For example in case of VBUS, the organisation has to deal with big data management, which is necessary to provide raw information about the products that are available in their website. This information can be used by the customers in order to makeup on their decision of purchasing a product from their website. Big data is also essential in implementing Technology in the supply chain management of an organisation. In concluding note it can be said that it is essential for all business organisation to implement a perfect business model that can suit according to their business and customer behaviour. There are various components of business model that is implemented according to the type of product or services that are being sold in the market. Reference Bohnsack, R., Pinkse, J., Kolk, A. (2014). Business models for sustainable technologies: Exploring business model evolution in the case of electric vehicles. Research Policy, 43(2), 284-300. Casadesus?Masanell, R., Zhu, F. (2013). Business model innovation and competitive imitation: The case of sponsor?based business models. Strategic management journal, 34(4), 464-482. DaSilva, C. M., Trkman, P. (2014). Business model: what it is and what it is not. Long range planning, 47(6), 379-389. Markides, C. C. (2013). Business model innovation: What can the ambidexterity literature teach us?.The Academy of Management Perspectives, 27(4), 313-323.

6 Ways to Help Beat Student Stress - Proofread My Paper

6 Ways to Help Beat Student Stress - Proofread My Paper 6 Ways to Help Beat Student Stress The pressures of college life are many and varied, but the effects are undeniable: More students than ever are suffering from stress and stress-related mental health issues. Hopefully youre not facing anything quite this stressful.(Photo: Bernard Goldbach/flickr) As such, it’s vital that you know what to do if you’re feeling stressed. And these six tips are a good starting point. 1. Know the Signs of Stress The first step to beating stress is recognizing when you are stressed. After all, it can be easy to miss the signs when you’re busy with a dozen other things! Prominent symptoms of stress include: Irritability or feeling overwhelmed Difficulty concentrating Low self-esteem or constant worrying Headaches, tension and muscle pain Loss of appetite or difficultly sleeping Stress is experienced differently by everyone, so this list isn’t definitive. But if these symptoms do sound familiar, it’s important not to ignore them. 2. Know Your Stressors The best way to deal with anxiety is to cut it out at the source. Common stressors for college students include: Academic stress (i.e., worrying about grades and workload) Personal stress (i.e., anxiety about your personal and/or romantic life) Family stress (i.e., pressure from your family or adjusting to being away from home) Financial stress (i.e., making ends meet on a student budget) Uncertainty about the future (i.e., not knowing what you’ll do after college) The solution to these issues will depend on your situation, but knowing what makes you feel stressed will make it easier to make positive changes. 3. Talk It Out In many cases, simply talking to someone can be a great help. This could be friends, family, your professors or even a counselor (most colleges offer a counselling service for students). Discussing your problems is especially effective if you can talk to the people involved (e.g., talking about workload issues with professors). But even just chatting with a friend is better than keeping it all bottled up inside. 4. Eat Well and Exercise Your diet is important when you’re feeling stressed. Eat healthy food whenever possible, don’t skip meals, and cut out excessive caffeine (especially in the evenings). The suitcase is optional. Similarly, regular physical exercise has been shown to be important to stress management. 5. Rest and Recuperate Sometimes, stress is a result of burnout, especially when you’re juggling a lot of responsibilities. Getting plenty of sleep is therefore crucial. However, since anxiety can also cause insomnia, you should make sure your bedroom is set up to make sleeping easier (e.g., having a good mattress) and that you have a regular evening routine. 6. Relaxation Taking time off is also vital. Simply put, you’ll never be able to beat stress if you don’t give yourself the chance to relax occasionally. This could be as simple as hanging out with friends or binge-watching something on Netflix, as long as it takes your mind off work! For extra help, though, you might also want to try meditation and relaxation exercises. A little quiet time can go a long way.

Mosquitoes - Family Culicidae

Mosquitoes - Family Culicidae Who hasnt had an encounter with a mosquito? From the backwoods to our backyards, mosquitoes seem determined to make us miserable. Besides disliking their painful bites, mosquitoes concern us as vectors of diseases, from West Nile virus to malaria. Description: Its easy to recognize a mosquito when it lands on your arm and bites you. Most people dont take a close look at this insect, tending instead to slap it the moment it bites. Members of the family Culicidae do exhibit common characteristics if you can bear to spend a moment examining them. Mosquitoes belong to the suborder Nematocera – true flies with long antennae. Mosquito antennae have 6 or more segments. The males antennae are quite plumose, providing lots of surface area for detecting female mates. Female antennae are short-haired. Mosquito wings have scales along the veins and the margins. The mouthparts – a long proboscis – allow the adult mosquito to drink nectar, and in the case of the female, blood. Classification: Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – DipteraFamily - Culicidae Diet: Larvae feed on organic matter in the water, including algae, protozoans, decaying debris, and even other mosquito larvae. Adult mosquitoes of both sexes feed on nectar from flowers. Only females require a bloodmeal in order to produce eggs. The female mosquito may feed on the blood of birds, reptiles, amphibians, or mammals (including humans). Life Cycle: Mosquitoes undergo complete metamorphosis with four stages. The female mosquito lays her eggs on the surface of fresh or standing water; some species lay eggs on damp soil prone to inundation. Larvae hatch and live in the water, most using a siphon to breathe at the surface. Within one to two weeks, the larvae pupate. Pupae cannot feed but can be active while floating on the waters surface. Adults emerge, usually in just a few days, and sit on the surface until they are dry and ready to fly. Adult females live two weeks to two months; adult males may only live a week. Special Adaptations and Defenses: Male mosquitoes use their plumose antennae to sense the species-specific buzzing of females. The mosquito produces its buzz by fluttering its wings up to 250 times per second. Females seek bloodmeal hosts by detecting carbon dioxide and octanol produced in breath and sweat. When a female mosquito senses CO2 in the air, she flies upwind until she finds the source. Mosquitoes dont require blood to live but need the proteins in a bloodmeal to develop their eggs. Range and Distribution: Mosquitoes of the family Culicidae live worldwide, except in Antarctica, but require habitat with standing or slow moving fresh water for young to develop. Sources: Diptera: Culicidae. (Accessed May 13, 2008).Family Culicidae - Mosquitoes - BugGuide.Net. (Accessed May 13, 2008).Mosquito - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Accessed May 13, 2008).

Marketing Communications Plan for Wanglaoji Herbal Tea Essay

Marketing Communications Plan for Wanglaoji Herbal Tea - Essay Example The objective of the present study is to prepare a strategic internal marketing communications plan for Wanglaoji Herbal Tea. A previously completed context analysis helped in identifying key internal and external issues, which will be discussed in the next section. Taking cue from the context analysis, strategic communications plan will be conceptualized with respect to present marketing conditions, distribution and market space and promotional objectives of Wanglaoji Herbal Tea. 1. The tea market is dominated by five brands, Tetley, PG Tips, Lipton, Betties and Taylors and Himani. Currently, Tetley is the market leader with 27 percent share (Research and Markets, 2014). Even though Wanglaoji Herbal Tea is gaining popularity among health drinkers, the current market is still low compared to normal tea makers. 2. As a result of increasing awareness among consumers regarding health benefits and negative effects of excessive caffeine or tea, more number of established tea and coffee brands are entering into the herbal tea market, intensifying competition for Wanglaoji (Armstrong and Kotler, 2012). 3. Big companies such as, Tetley and Coca-Cola, pose threat to Wanglaoji as they have captured high share of market and have the advantage of sophisticated and big budget marketing and communications plan. 4. The advertising expense of Guangzhou is higher than average industry, which might be a constraint while entering the English market. The company has limited capital to invest in the English market. Hence, the company is at present unable to spend on big-budgeted campaign, which might be a weakness, when compared to the high budgets of other beverage companies present in the UK market. 5. Organizational identity is another issue identified during internal context analysis. While Wanglaoji Herbal Tea is a well-known and recognized brand

Population and Evironment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Population and Evironment - Essay Example Population growth and environmental deterioration are directly linked together. Increased population has exacerbating impact on the anthropometrical damage to the environment. As the population increase, it puts extra pressure on the natural resources. More forests are cut, more land is used, and more industries are setup that creates industrial pollution. The air, water and soils are heavily polluted. In order to cope with this emerging situation the richer nations shift their industrial setups to the poorer nations and are always bent upon destroying the natural resources base of the poorer regions for their own benefits. This imbalance further destroys the opportunities for the poor of the world. Therefore the immediate solution is to strike a balance between population growth, development and ecological preservation. For instance, in the case of Uganda population in 1948, was just 5 million but by 2002 the population had grown five-fold to 24.4 million. If current rates of growth persist, population will hit 51.9 million in 2025. This situation has been wrongly obtained by the ill-conceived ideology of the Ugandan President who thought that he would develop the country on like Chinese model. Instead Uganda sunk into deeper poverty. Solution lies in the simple, quite

UNDERSTANDING THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTIES OF ASSESSMENT Essay Example for Free

UNDERSTANDING THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTIES OF ASSESSMENT Essay During the initial assessment the assessor must ensure the learner knowledge performance and practical skills. The assessor must ensure that the learning understands their course, The assessor must explain all the units to the learner and support them in choosing the most suited units for their learner. The assessor and the learner must decide on an assessment plan. Setting dates and times to meet with the learner.as well as Agreeing on the best assessment method. The assessor will be able to use question, observation and examine the learners work. The learner must submit assignment or evidence. That their assessor must review to ensure that they have done what was asked for. The assessor must provide feedback to the learning . the feedback must be positive, constructed and encouraging. Once this has been done a feedback form must be used. Here the assessor can recommend ways of improvement and log, what agreements have been made with the learner and set deadline. The assessor needs to cross reference the leaner work with the assessment criteria to ensure the leaner work and evidence is valid and proves that the leaner is competent in the unit. DEFINE THE KEY CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ASSESSMENT. As an assessor you will be observing what the learner are doing. Asking them question and reviewing their progress. The key concepts and principles of assessments would be  INITIAL ASSESSMENT The result of the initial assessment will provide the assessor with information of any previous knowledge or experience on the subject to be assessed. The information can be obtained through application form and interviews. This will help the assessor, assess the learner on any specific requirements their learner may need (I.e. their learning style or any further training they may need. ASSESSMENT PLANNING Planning a suitable types and method of assessment with the learner. Setting appropriate target dates. Always involving other colleagues or supervisors. ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY Observation and questioning the learning. Completing assignments. Writing statements or gathering appropriate evidence of competence .Assessments can be on going or summative at the end. ASSESSMENT DECISION AND FEEDBACK Giving constructive feedback. Always supporting your learner and agreeing and further action that may be needed. Making records of what was assessed and the decision made should always be maintained. REVIEW PROGRESS The assessment plan of the learner can be reviewed updated at any time unit the learner completes . reviewing progress with the learning will give the assessor the opportunity to discuss any other issues that may be relevant to their progress. Assessment activities will give you the opportunity to amend them if necessary. EXPLAIN THE RESONSIBILITIES OF THE ASSESSOR The main role of an assessor is to assess their learner in relation to the agreed criteria to enable the learner to become qualified in their subject. The assessor responsibilities include planning assessment, giving learner feedback, assessing the learner knowledge and understanding of the subject .keeping accurate records. There will be certain records and documents that the assessor will need to maintain. These will include assessment plans. Feedback records and review of progress and overall track sheets. All record must be maintained to organisational and regulatory requirements. An assessor should also store confidential documents and audio or video records that include learner.

Marc Antony’s Funeral Oration Essay -- Julius Caesar, William Shakespe

In William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, Mark Antony pleads with his â€Å"Friends, Romans (and) countrymen† to lend him their ears in an effort to exonerate Caesar from false charges laid against him. The three main conspirators in Caesar’s murder, Brutus, Casca and Cassius portrayed Caesar as an ambitious tyrant to the Roman people. After Caesar was unjustly killed by his friends and comrades, the crowd was persuaded to believe that his death was necessary for the good of the republic. However, Antony’s oration cleverly manipulates the crowd through the use of pathetic appeals, especially enargeia, into rebelling against the assassins and mourning the death of Caesar. Caesar’s untimely and unnecessary death created a unique rhetorical moment that Marc Antony seized. Bitzer states in his article â€Å"The Rhetorical Situation† that â€Å"a particular discourse comes into existence because of some specific condition or situation which invites utterance† (Bitzer 41). According to the assassins, Caesar’s murder was necessary for the good of all the Roman citizens, who unquestioningly believed Brutus’s accusations that Caesar was ambitious and unfit to govern Rome. Marc Antony used his speech to win back the citizens and unite them in grief and outrage at Caesar’s murder. One of Marc Antony’s objectives as he ascended to the pulpit was to refute the claims of Caesar’s guilt of ambition: â€Å"I thrice presented him a kingly crown, / Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? / Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; / And, sure, he is an honourable man. / I speak not to disprove what Brutus spokeâ €  (3.2.98-102). He reminded the public that Caesar had been offered the opportunity to be crowned King of Rome three times, and each time Caesar had refused it... ...r the name of the slain leader and managed to sway public opinion from one extreme to another. His words cause the angry mob to scour the streets of Rome for anyone who took part in his murder. His pathetic appeals to his friends, Romans and countrymen incited them to become an enraged mob to avenge Caesar’s death. His words display the assassin’s malicious actions for what they were and honor the memory of Caesar. Works Cited Bitzer, Lloyd F. "The Rhetorical Situation." Philosophy and Rhetoric (1968): 39-48. Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. "Chapter 6: Ethical Proof : Arguments From Character." Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. New York: Pearson Longmann, 2004. 163-203. Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. "Chapter 7: Pathetic Proof : Passionate Appeals." Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. New York: Pearson Longmann, 2004. 205-219.

Health and Safety in the Workplace Essay

Health and Safety play a very important role in the workplace today. Many organizations take the responsibility of their employees’ safety and health seriously due to the various affects that could stem from a lack of providing a safe work environment. During the 20th century our nation has become a world leader in setting an example for the world involving the workers right to a safe and healthy environment. Because of the various laws and research conducted in the United States, there have been countless number of accidents that have been prevented and thousands of lives saved because of awareness. I, being a Safety Coordinator and a workplace accident survivor, know firsthand the importance of safety in the workplace and the negative outcome for employees and organizations that do not practice a safe work environment. I would like to take this time to give a little information on my personal experience on workplace accidents and the importance of safety in that environment. In 2007 I was employed as a bridge carpenter working for a large construction company in Biloxi, MS. As a bridge carpenter is was exposed to many dangerous and high risk situations that put my life at risk on an everyday basis. I felt this company actually cared about the safety of their employees. We were provided with every piece of safety equipment that was needed to perform our job as safely as possible. The equipment was fairly new and OSHA approved. If it was found to be inadequate, it was immediately removed out of service and either fixed or replaced. Not to mention every morning we conducted toolbox safety meeting and equipment inspections. This particular day of my near fatal accident, we were setting rebar cages for columns maybe 30 to 40 feet in height. It was my responsibility to climb the cage, after it was set on the footer with a crane, to unhook the rigging from the crane. I had all the proper PPE (personal protective equipment) on and the cage had been secured at th e bottom by come along rigging devices. As I climbed the cage and Unhooked the rigging from the crane, the cage began to sway from side to side. Before I could start my descent, the cage and myself still attached to it with three different positioning, fell in the water, which by the way was the Gulf of Mexico. As my feet touched the bottom I began to panic and fight to free myself by unhooking myself from the cage. Several of my co workers jumped in the water to rescue me, but they were unable to locate my body. But they were able to locate the cage I was attached to. Thanks to quick thinking they were able to hook the crane cables back to the cage and hoist the cage and I out of the water successfully. But by this time I was not breathing and had no pulse. They lowered me on a crew boat and began to perform CPR. The CPR was unsuccessful so they began to take me to the dock where the ambulance was awaiting my arrival. During the time of the boat ride, I suddenly began to cough up water and slowly came to my senses. I was taken to the hospital and was blessed that I did not sustain any major injuries. During the accident investigation it was found that the cage we were setting was not the correct one for that particular footing and one of the come along holding it in place was functioning properly to catch the cage as it began to fall. This is when I actually began to take workplace safety seriously and start my career in that field. During the course of this paper it is my intent to present key components of workplace safety and health and provide new insight and personal experience that has and will affect my career and personal life and lives of those around me. The Role of Safety and Health in the Workplace Workplace safety is the practice of an employer using preventative measures to prevent hazards to the employees’ health and personal safety. This practice includes creating plans and procedures for employees and managers in the workplace. In addition, workplace safety involves creating policies and keeping emergency materials available for employee and manager use while at a work site. Workplace safety has caused strikes, contract negotiations and concerns among the different labor unions. These groups have negotiated union contracts and initiated lawsuits on behalf of workers who have an unsafe workplace. The Union Auto Workers created â€Å"Workers’ Memorial Day† as a day to honor workers who are killed on the job in the United States. David Micheals, the new head of OSHA, made this profound statement â€Å"these catastrophic events are powerful reminders of the risks faced by workers across the country every day. Fourteen workers die on the job each day, far from the headlines, often noted only by their families, friends, and co-workers.† (Markowitz & Rosner, 2011, p.26) Manufacturing jobs are heavily mentioned on this day due to the dangers of operating machinery or equipment. Workplace safety in many businesses requires additional training for the employees and management. This can include a lecture by an expert, hand-on training or a tour of the grounds and materials. For example, an employee whose job requires the use of a machine is not only trained to use the machine, but he is typically trained on how to operate machinery to avoid injury, dismemberment or death. The employee can also be trained on what to do if a co-worker injures herself on the job. As I stated in the introduction of this paper, I know firsthand the importance of safety and health in the workplace. By understanding the role of workplace safety and its history, employers and employees are able to apply these safety concepts to their everyday work related routines. I have learned that workplace safety and health reach far beyond the OSHA Act of 1970. Safety involves adopting a way of thinking and a way of functioning in all environments. Organizations such as unions have fought for workers right to a safety and healthy work environment. The campaigns they have fought so diligently to win have proven to be effective in fighting diseases like tuberculosis, typhoid, and smallpox that not only for the workplace but also for the general public. (Markowitz & Rosner, 2011, p.27) Occupational Safety and Health Administration In 1970 Congress passed into law The Occupational Safety and Health Act which formed the Occupational Safety and Health Administration or (OSHA). This act â€Å"declared that every worker is entitled to safe and healthful working conditions, and that employers are responsible for work being free from all recognized hazards†.(Silverstein, 2008, p.416) Even forty years later, many people still do not believe that OSHA is up holding the standard in workplace safety and health for which it was designed to do. Today a worker still becomes injured or sick from a dangerous job every 2.5 seconds plus a worker dies from a workplace injury or illness every 8 minutes. The National Institute for Occupational Safety, also known as NIOSH, has authority for workplace safety and health matters at federal workplace locations. In the federal workplace environment, NIOSH has an enforcement authority that corresponds to the authority OSHA exercises over workplaces operated by private sector emplo yers. In some instances, state-run programs supersede OSHA authority, and the Occupational and Safety and Health Act of 1970 encourages the development and operation by individual states of workplace safety and health programs. However, to qualify for this exemption to OSHA authority, a state-run program must establish standards and enforcement criteria that match or exceed the effectiveness of the federal OSHA program. As of April 2010, 26 states and U.S. territories have such programs in place with 23 of those 26 covering state and local government workplaces as well as workplaces operated by private sector employers. The Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 established mandatory health and safety standards and directed the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare and the Secretary of Labor to create improved health and safety standards to protect the health and welfare of coal miners in the U.S. The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) established a national minimum wage, guaranteed time-and-a-half for overtime in certain types of jobs, and prohibited employers from hiring minors. Today the FLSA helps to enforce and protect the rights and wages of non-exempt employees. I do not have much experience working directly with OSHA but as an OSHA outreach trainer, I have become accustom to understand the importance and impact they can and do have in a workplace environment. Working as a safety coordinator for several different contractors has given me an insight as to how some organizations adhere to OSHA regulations and how other organizations do not. With this insight and from knowledge gained from this course, I see that we still need stay focused on continuous safety awareness and to ensure OSHA enforces the laws and regulations for violators. By understanding the history and the need for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in our society, I have a greater enthusiasm to perform my job functions as a safety coordinator at a higher level and expect the people around me to adhere to the same level of faithfulness. Safety Issues In The Workplace Safety issues are an important topic in today’s workplace, especially with the rise in accidents in places of work and business. Accidents may often be small, but they can also lead to life-altering results such as mutilation and even death. The most common type of safety issue in workplaces relates to tripping and falling, however, there are many other causes to be considered. An organization with a superior policy for dealing with safety issues should be considering topics such as ergonomics and the arrangement of the space so that the tasks best fit the people who complete them. In this discussion the focus will be on three in particular which are repetitive stress injuries, workplace stress, and substance abuse. In today’s society, there are many jobs that require sitting at a work station all day. Employees that perform these types of jobs run a higher risk of being injured by chronic and repetitive motion task, like typing on a keyboard, eyestrains, lifting or mov ement injuries, poor ergonomics or workstation accidents. (Lowe, 2012, p.104) Majority of musculoskeletal injuries and pain affecting office workers are a result of sitting for long periods in the same position performing the same or repetitive motions. I have learned that the key to prevention and treatment of these problems is reducing muscle and tendon overuse. A great method to reduce these injuries from happening would be massage therapy. Massage therapy allows the tendons to release pressure that has built up throughout the day or work hours. Another treatment method would be employees do daily stretches at their workstation. When I began working as a carpenter, every morning we would start the day out by doing a series of stretches to loosen our muscle the same way an individual would if they were preparing to exercise. Work related stress is another major safety issue that affects the workplace. Workplace stressors like interpersonal conflict and work overload can have a profound effect on the health of an organization’s employees. â€Å"Findings indicate that work overload and interpersonal conflict mediate the impact of role stress on emotional exhaustion, job attitudes, and behaviors.† (Boles, Jaramillo, Mulki, 2011, p.329) Interpersonal conflict happens due to the negative social interactions between co-workers in the workplace. Also interpersonal conflict is one of the most important stressors at work due to the effect it has on employees’ emotions and their ability to work as a team. Work overload is the employees’ perception that the job is placing excessive work demands on them. In today’s workforce employees are pressured to deliver greater output while using fewer resources. Overloaded individuals often experience feelings of impatience and being rushed, which in turn affects the quality of their interactions with co-workers. â€Å"Because of rising unemployment rates, layoff survivors are more likely to experience larger workloads because they now perform both their former workload and that of those who left.† (Boles, Jaramillo, Mulki, 2011, p.329) From my experience interpersonal conflict and work overload can have a big impact on the health of all employees with no regard to title, pay grade, or seniority. These stressors can cause emotional, mental, and physical health issues for all they affect. Through newly found knowledge, I have gained a greater understanding of the effects that workplace stress can have on an organization’s employees and how they interact with one another. Organizations can counteract these stressors by providing additional support to individuals who are being affected by these workplace stressors and conducting workload/interpersonal conflict evaluations bi annually. â€Å"Handling problems of substance use and abuse at work are some of the most challenging issue s confronting employers.† (Dwoskin, 2012, p. 32) The law requires employers to provide a safe, healthy and productive work environment to employees, but it also requires employers accommodate the needs of substance abusing employees. This could cause a conflict, because the substance abusing employees may be causing the health and safety issues in the workplace. Employers have the right to insist on a drug and alcohol free workplace and to take disciplinary action against individuals who violate the zero tolerance rules. Under the law â€Å"employers may hold alcoholics and recovering addicts to the same performance standards as other employees.† (Dwoskin, 2012, p.32) This means that employees that abuse drugs and alcohol may be discharged or held to disciplinary action based on tardiness, absenteeism, and poor job performance. But on the other hand, the ADA says they cannot be discriminated against if they are found to be disabled. The ADA defines discrimination as â€Å"not making reasonable accommodations to the known physical or mental limitations of an otherwise qualified individual with a disability† (Dwoskin, 2012, p.34) During the course of my research of this particular issue, I learned effect that substance abuse in the workplace can have on the safety of that individual and the people around them. I also learned that in certain situations that a person abusing drugs and alcohol can be protected by the ADA if they are found to be disabled and the employer must accommodate their disability in the workplace. I have known several instances where employees have failed random drug screens and have been able to keep their jobs. But in those instances the employer required the employee to seek professional help in dealing with their addiction. Safety Programs â€Å"A safety program can best be described as a dynamic set of intervention activities implemented at a worksite where the aim is to prevent incidents and accidents at the workplace† (Bjerkan, Olsen, Naevestad, 2009, p.391) These safety programs are usually comprised of activities such as safety training, equipment and housekeeping inspections, safety meetings, and safe behavior observations. There are five key components to a properly structured safety incentive program. The first component involves using an entire campaign to promote your program by building teamwork thru interaction with the employees. The next component is establishing an award vehicle that should be handed out weekly. The third component states to award employees with merchandise rather than money. Usually when employees receive money as a reward they tend to forget the reward and wee the money went to. But when an employee is rewarded with merchandise, they can recall how they received it and this enco urages them to win again. The fourth component says to promote the program using items such as posters, caps, balloons, newsletters, flyers, parties, and company drawings. The last component states to make everyone a winner. It might seem to cost more, but it will pay off in the long run by promoting the idea that everyone that practices safety in the workplace is a winner. Wellness is a lifestyle that encourages good physical and mental health. It is a balanced lifestyle that includes an emphasis on the body, mind and spirit. Wellness Programs were created to encourage all faculty, staff, and retirees to live healthier lifestyles and create a culture of health throughout the organization. Workplace wellness includes organizational policies designed to facilitate employee health including allowing flex time for exercise, providing on-site kitchen and eating areas, offering healthy food options in vending machines, holding â€Å"walk and talk† meetings, and offering financial and other incentives for pa rticipation, among many other options. In the course of researching safety programs, I have learned new techniques that will enhance my knowledge in designing safety programs in the future. Working of several different companies has allowed me to be exposed to different types of safety incentive programs. I have seen what does work and also what does not work. During the course of this paper it was my intention to present key components of workplace safety and health and provide new insight and personal experience that has and will affect my career and personal life and lives of those around me. By exploring the role of safety and health in the workplace I have gained greater understanding of its history. I can now assist employers and employees to apply these safety concepts to their everyday work related routines. In researching OSHA, I discovered a greater knowledge of the importance of the OSHA Act of 1970 and the administrative offices that have developed from the Act. Offices such as OSHA and NIOSH were established to up hold the laws and standards set by the OSHA Act in the workplace. My knowledge has grown during the development of this paper which has allowed me to view different aspects of safety and health that I previously did not have knowledge of. References Dwoskin, L.L. (2012). Substance Abuse in the Workplace: ADA and FMLA Issues to Consider, Part II. Employee Benefit Plan Review, 66(8), 32-38 Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J., & Boles, J. S. (2011). WORKPLACE STRESSORS, JOB ATTITUDE, AND JOB BEHAVIORS: IS INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT THE MISSING LINK? Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 31(3), 339-356 Lowe, W. (2012). Keying Into Office Worker Injuries. Massage & Bodywork, 27(4), 104-107 Markowitz, G., & Rosner, D. (20110. FROM THE TRIANGLE FIRE TO THE BP EXPLOSION: A Short History of the Century-Long Movement for Safety and Health. New Labor Forum (Murphy Institute), 20(1), 26-32. Doi10.4179/NLF.201.0000005 Moran, R.E. (2012). WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH: Better OSHA Guidance Needed On Safety Incentive Programs. GAO Reports, 1-46 Olsen, E., Bjerkan, A., & Naevestad, T. (2009). Modeling the effects of a large-scale safety Culture programme: a combined qualitative and quantitative approach. Journal Of Risk research, 12 Silverstein, M. (2008). Getting Home Safe and Sound: Occupational Safety and Health Administration at 38: American Journal Of Public Health, 98(3), 416-423 Stanley, J. (2012). Osha’s Warning on Safety Incentive Programs Are Wide of the Mark. EHS Today; Vol. 5 Issue 10, p. 63-64

Electronics Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2560 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Engineering Essay Type Review Did you like this example? Discuss the different types of Pervasive electronicsDate authored: 23 rd August, 2014. The invention of the transistor in mid twentieth century gave birth to modern day electronics. Rapid advancements in semiconductor and fabrication technologies allowed the exponential growth of electronic components especially in the last two decades. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Electronics Essay Online For Free" essay for you Create order Electronics with new functionalities have started to emerge in all aspects of human life. Silicon and other material (organic and inorganic) technologies have enabled electronics to be realised on extremely smaller scales. Apart from smaller scales, these technologies also allow dense packing, durability, simpler integration, flexibility and low weight for electronics. These characteristics have rapidly pushed the trend of pervasive and ubiquitous electronics (Maliniak, 2002). Pervasive Electronics is very much related to consumer electronics. The invention of and later improvement in silicon transistor technology reduced the size and cost of electronic devices such as televisions, video recorders, computers, mobile phones, etc. In the last fifty years, television sets and video recorders have become house-hold devices and more recently computers and mobile phones. These devices could only be realised with the help of improved and cheaper electronic fabrication processes. Th is resulted in the lower cost and smaller size of devices, making them affordable for the people. Rapid penetration of these electronics followed after that and this allowed these devices to become pervasive in nature. The major motivations behind all these improvements were necessity, entertainment, information access, health care, business development and better and easier life (Stern, 2012; Grant, 2011). Now the trend is towards introducing new and radical functionalities. Pervasive electronic systems consist of active and passive electronics devices. Active devices mainly include different sensors. Theses sensors are mostly electronic devices which respond to changes in the ambient environment, user commands, human gestures, etc. These devices are more like input devices. The passive devices are usually actuators. These actuators are electronic devices that respond to the information or command send to them by the controller or user. A complete electronic system consist s of both of these. The electronic system ends up being a complex integration of sensors and actuators, designed for particular or diverse functionalities or applications. The functionalities and applications of modern pervasive electronics include smart and intelligent clothing, flexible displays, smart health monitoring and diagnostic systems, smart phones, wearable computing devices, energy storage and generation, smart bio-compatible devices, etc (Axisa, et al., 2005; Min Cruz, 2012; Gallozzi, 2012). One of the earlier pervasive electronic systems was the television set. The transistor allowed better, smaller and cheaper electrical switching systems. This helped the television set to become a household commodity in the 1950s and 1960s. Later, the advancements in display technologies and better circuitry made television sets much cheaper, lighter and compact. This resulted in an exponential growth in the number of television sets and display screens. Present day tele vision sets are mostly LCD (Liquid crystal display) based. The old initial cathode ray tubes are almost history while other available display technologies including Plasma Displays, LED (Light Emitting Diode) displays, OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) displays, projection displays and rear projection displays are emerging rapidly as alternative electronic technologies. (Goldberg, n.d.; Fischetti, 2001) One interesting technology is the flexible OLED. Flexible electronic displays have been developed recently and they can be used as electronic newspapers, portable TV screens, cloaking, etc. Extensive research is underway in this regard and numerous designs and modifications using different materials have been proposed. Organic materials are the more preferred choice of researchers as they allow more flexibility when compared to inorganic materials. Different substrates has been developed modifying existing printing and fabrication technologies. Inkjet printing has been exte nsively researched for printing electronic circuitry on these substrates (Berggren, et al., 2007). New materials such as Graphene have also been used in developing flexible electronic systems. Graphene is a two dimensional metal which provides ideal flexibility for such applications. Competing materials such as Indium Tin Oxide have emerged but constantly increasing cost along with complex methods for material synthesis have multiplied the demand for Graphene. On the other hand, conventional semiconductor materials do not have the required physical properties as Graphene and therefore, cannot be easily used as a material for flexible electronics. Although, some methods for modifying the physical properties of conventional semiconductor materials are reported in the research literature but still they are unable to match the success of materials like Graphene and Indium Tin Oxide in the domain of flexible electronics (Hamers, 2001; Y. Sun, 2007; Forrest, 2004; Nathan, et al., 2 012). Video recording and playing equipment is another example of a pervasive electronic system. It started with recording on tape. The initial devices were electromechanical devices. Later the tape took the form of a cassette. The recorders became smaller in size and the VCR (video cassette recorder) became the big thing in the 1980s and 1990s. The technology was later replaced by the DVD and DVR recorders. The tape was replaced by a digital disc and the mechanical parts in the systems were reduced to a few components. Blue Ray and Laser based recording technology emerged after the DVD technologies. These devices were compact and were easily able to interface with the existing display technologies which resulted in a massive impact on the popularity of these devices. They were cheap, compact and easily attached with the television sets or projectors, which led to the creation of personalised entertainment systems. The current trend is towards the 3D holographic and optical storage of videos (Gallozzi, 2012). The discussion of pervasive electronics is incomplete without reference to personal computers. Computer started as a bulky machine almost equal in size to a small home, consuming enough power to run a small town and had very slow computation speeds. In the two to three decades, this machine has been transformed to the size of a wrist watch and even smaller. The contributions of people like Steve Jobs and companies like IBM, Apple, Intel, Samsung, HP, etc. cannot be ignored in making computers a personal and pervasive electronic device. The prices have then decreased from millions of dollars to a few hundred dollars. It was estimated in year 2001 that more than 125 million personal computers were sold compared to approximately 48,000 computers in 1977 and that there will be more than 2.5 billion personal computer units by the end of 2014 (Kanellos, 2002; Lunden, 2014). Audio technology has also improved with the advancement in electron ics. Instead of huge and bulky audio systems like gramophones and phonographs, electrical and magnetic recording and sound playing systems emerged. These systems were much smaller, cheaper, compact and less energy consuming. In the last few decades the size of audio playing and recording systems has reduced drastically. The initial tape recorder and player systems, although not the size of gramophones or phonographs, were still lacking portability. First came portable electronic cassette players (e.g. Walkman by Sony) and today people are using electronic Pods and MP3 players (e.g. iPod by Apple) that are not bigger than a wrist watch (Beal, 2010; Boehret, 2012). Apart from the size, they have the ability to store thousands of songs and a battery life of almost a week. These Pods have been very popular for almost a decade now but the recent surveys and reports have shown a decline in the sales of these devices because of the emergence of smart phones, Pads and tablets (Hollist er, 2014). The success of wireless cellular phones, smart computing tablets and the emergence of internet technology is another significant chapter in the story of pervasive electronics. Early telephones were wired and bulky electromechanical devices. Wires caused major portability issues for the phones. The first wireless mobile phone appeared in 1973 developed by Motorola and the flood gates for wireless handset technologies were opened after that. The improvement in radio frequency transmission technologies (GSM, CDMA, etc) and emergence of cellular networks led to the development of better and improved wireless handsets. This again happened because of the advancement in electronic technologies. These sets were initially simple wireless electronic devices which can be easily carried around and had calling and call receiving facilities but in the last decade only, the size reduced and the functionalities provided by the handsets increased drastically. The decrease in c ost along with massive manufacturing allowed the people to have multiple handsets with them having different features. Companies like Samsung, Apple, Nokia, LG, and Motorola have a major contribution in the development and commercialisation of these handsets. Reports suggest that Samsung and Apple respectively shared about 31% and 15.6% of the worlds mobile phone sales in 2013 only (Egham, 2014). The handsets and mobile phones of 1970s and 1980s have improved drastically with introduction of many different features and applications that now they are termed as smart phones. Apart from the voice calling facilities of their predecessors, these smart phones provide numerous other facilities to their users. These facilities include multimedia entertainment, embedded computing, internet connectivity, GPS tracking and navigation, messaging, audio/video recording and playback capabilities, etc. These functionalities are all embedded on a single electronic board inside the smart phon es which only became possible because of improved integrated circuits and micro-fabrication techniques. This makes these devices inherently electronic in nature. Computing Tablets or Smart Tablets are hand held computing devices. These are equipped with sensors, microphones, accelerometers, cameras, high resolution and touch enabled display screens, processors, memories and batteries in a single module. They have capability of a phone and a computer at the same time. The last decade has seen tremendous growth in the concept of such electronic devices. One of the first such devices was developed by ATT in 1991. Many such tablets were later developed by different companies but the trend setting device was iPad developed by Apple Computers and released in 2010. In last four years, many companies have jumped into the tablet computer industry. Samsung, Asus, HP, Microsoft, Google and Lenovo are the major manufacturers of tablets. These tablets have introduced a revolutionised re ading by providing the readers a new interaction experience. High resolution, capacitive and touch enabled screens enjoyed great success among book and newspaper readers. Amazons â€Å"Kindle Fire† and Barnes Nobles â€Å"NOOK† are great examples such electronic devices, with sales reaching more than 5 million units in 2010. These devices are highly portable, efficient, powerful, compact, multi-purpose and cheap. This is why they are having a huge amount of success among the people around the globe. They are now extensively employed in the third world countries for education and learning purposes. It is estimated that by the end of year 2015 the overall number of tablets sold throughout the world will be more than the number of personal computers which is currently estimated to be around 2.5 billion units as mentioned earlier. (Chen, 2012; Lunden, 2014) The smart phones and â€Å"smart tablets† lose the smart word without the availability of the intern et. The internet technology developed out of US defense research and later commercialised in 1990s. The age of internet exploded in 2000s and we are currently living in that age. Internet provides connectivity to billions of computer across the world where they are connected and can share and access information via world wide web. Internet also owes its success to the electronic components involved in it. Computers, communication networks, communication infrastructure, data storage centers, etc. all have electronics involved with them. These things cannot exist without electronics. It is primarily because of the constant improvement in electronics that internet is capable of withstanding connectivity of the 6 billion people across the world. The latest trends and research for the pervasive electronics have been driven by the advancements in flexible electronics. Flexible electronic materials and substrates have renewed the interest in new bio-medical, health care devices an d numerous other areas. Electronic devices with shapes conforming biological surfaces have been realised (Nathan, et al., 2012). Electronic systems replicating human senses have been demonstrated by the researchers. Electronic Tongue (taste sensors) and Nose (smell sensor) has been reported in the literature. (Buratti, et al., 2011) Similarly, bionic versions of human eye have been realised by researchers in many different manners exploiting the advancements in electronics. (Min Cruz, 2012). The flexible electronics has started to revolutionise health care by providing non-invasive monitoring and diagnostics. It has also enabled the researchers and scientists to interact, control and integrate with living organs and organisms (Hamers, 2001). One of the emerging trends in pervasive electronics is towards developing intelligent clothing, wearable computing and autonomous homes. Availability of many electronic technologies such as telecommunications, micro-fabrication, low po wer design, new textiles and sensors have made it possible to develop human friendly materials to enhance comfort and security. Researchers are developing clothes and textiles equipped with smart sensors and electronics for non-invasive monitoring of patients. Apart from the monitoring aspect, these clothing are also designed to be environment friendly, to provide health care facilities and illness protection. (Axisa, et al., 2005) Electronic devices have penetrated in every aspect of modern day human life. Today these electronic devices are used everywhere from our homes, offices, medical centers, schools, government institutions and even for travelling around. Importance of these devices is realised when a device gets damaged. Electronics have now become a part of everyday human life bringing many advantages and disadvantages with it, but, as a whole it is impossible to realise modern world without these electronic devices. References Axisa, F. et al., 2005. Flexible technologies and smart clothing for citizen medicine, home healthcare, and disease prevention. Information Technology in Biomedicine, IEEE Transactions on, 9(3), pp. 325336. Beal, V., 2010. Webopedia. [Online] Available at: https://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware_Software/iPod_mp3Player.asp [Accessed 27 August 2014]. Berggren, M., Nilsson, D. Robinson, N. D., 2007. Organic materials for printed electronics. Nature Materials, 6(1), pp. 3-5. Boehret, K., 2012. The Digital Solution. [Online] Available at: https://allthingsd.com/20121023/with-new-sizes-and-features-ipods-grow-up/ [Accessed 27 August 2014]. Buratti, S. et al., 2011. Monitoring of alcoholic fermentation using near infrared and mid infrared spectroscopies combined with electronic nose and electronic tongue. Analytica Chimica Acta, July, 697(1-2), pp. 67-74. Chen, B. X., 2012. The New York Times Bits. [Online] Available at: https://bits.blogs.nytimes.c om/2012/10/19/7-inch-tablets/?_php=true_type=blogs_r=0 [Accessed 19 August 2014]. Egham, 2014. Gartner. [Online] Available at: https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2665715 [Accessed 19 August 2014]. Fischetti, M., 2001. MIT Technology Review. [Online] Available at: https://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/401240/the-future-of-tv/ [Accessed 27 August 2014]. Forrest, S. R., 2004. The path to ubiquitous and low-cost organic electronic appliances on plastic. Nature, 429(6986), pp. 911 918. Gallozzi, S., 2012. Holographic Grid Cloud, a futurable high storage technology for the next generation astronomical facilities. arXiv:1112.6128v2, p. 15. Goldberg, R., n.d. About Technology. [Online] Available at: https://tv.about.com/od/highdefinitionhdtv/a/Tv-Technologies-Comparison-Guide.htm [Accessed 27 August 2014]. Grant, A. M., 2011. America Psychological Association. [Online] Available at: https://www.apa.org/science/about/psa/2011/07/motivating -creativity.aspx [Accessed 27 August 2014]. Hamers, R. J., 2001. Flexible electronic futures. Nature, August, 412(6846), pp. 489-490. Hollister, S., 2014. The Verge. [Online] Available at: https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/27/5351918/apples-ipod-rides-into-the-sunset [Accessed 19 August 2014]. Kanellos, M., 2002. CNET. [Online] Available at: https://news.cnet.com/2100-1040-940713.html [Accessed 19 August 2014]. Lunden, I., 2014. Gartner. [Online] Available at: https://techcrunch.com/2014/07/06/gartner-device-shipments-break-2-4b-units-in-2014-tablets-to-overtake-pc-sales-in-2015/ [Accessed 19 August 2014]. Maliniak, L., 2002. Electronic Design. [Online] Available at: https://electronicdesign.com/defense/1950s-transistors-fill-vacuum-digital-age-begins [Accessed 27 August 2014]. Min , J. Cruz, L. d., 2012. The bionic eye: a review. Clinical Experimental Ophthalmology, 40(1), pp. 6-17. Nathan, A. et al., 2012. Flexible electronics: The n ext ubiquitous platform. Proceedings of the IEEE, 100(Special Centennial Issue), pp. 1486-1517. Stern, B., 2012. Inventors at Work: The Minds and Motivation Behind Modern Inventions. s.l.:Apress. Y. Sun, J. R., 2007. Inorganic Semiconductors for Flexible Electronics. Advanced Materials, July, 19(15), pp. 1897-1916.